Contribution of Anaxagoras in the field of nutrition and diet
Contribution of Anaxagoras in the field of nutrition and diet
Around 475 BC, Anaxagoras, said that food is absorbed by the body, so that it contained "homeomerics" (components of generation), suggesting the existence of nutrients. Around 400 BC, Hippocrates said, "Let your food be your medicine and medicine be your food."
16th century, scientist and artist Leonardo da Vinci compared metabolism burning candle. In 1747, Dr. James Lind, the physician of the British Navy, performed the first scientific nutrition experiment, discovering that lime juice saved sailors who had been at sea for scurvy, a painful and fatal hemorrhagic disease. Discovery has been ignored forty years, after which British sailors became known as "limeys." An essential vitamin C within lime juice can not be identified by the researchers until 1930.
Around 1770, Antoine Lavoisier, the "Father of Nutrition and Chemistry" discovered the details of metabolism, demonstrating that the oxidation of nutrients is the source of body heat. In 1790, George Fordyce recognized that the calcium necessary survival of poultry. In the 19 th century, the elements carbon, nitrogen, hydrogen and oxygen were recognized as major food components, and methods for measuring the proportions have been developed.
In 1816, François Magendie found that dogs fed carbohydrates and fats that lost their body protein and died a few weeks, but dogs also fed protein survived, identifying protein as an essential food . In 1840, Justus Liebig discovered the chemical composition of carbohydrates (sugars), fats (fatty acids) and protein (amino acids). In 1860, Claude Bernard discovered that body fat can be synthesized from carbohydrates and protein, indicating that the energy of glucose can be stored as fat or glycogen.
In the early 1880s noted Kanehiro Takaki, the Japanese sailors (whose diet consists almost exclusively of white rice) developed beriberi (or endemic neuritis, a disease that causes heart problems and paralysis) but British sailors and Japanese naval officers did not. Adding different types of vegetables and meat to eat Japanese sailors prevent disease.
In 1896, Eugen Baumann observed iodine in the thyroid. In 1897, Christiaan Eijkman worked with natives of Java, which has also suffered from beriberi. Eijkman observed that chickens fed the native diet of white rice developed symptoms of beriberi, but remained healthy when the direct supply of brown rice with the external sound intact. Eijkman cured the natives by feeding them brown rice, discovering that food can cure disease. Over two decades later, nutritionists learned that rice bran contains vitamin B1 external, also known as thiamine.