New Delhi metallo-beta-lactamases (NDM) producing bacteria New Delhi Metallo 1
This articles highlights on the origin of New Delhi metallo-beta-lactamases (NDM) gene present in enterobacteriaceae and said to be resistant against all commonly used antibiotics.
New Delhi metallo-beta-lactamases (NDM) is a newly detected protein or gene said to be resistant against Carbapenam a broad spectrum antibiotics acting against Gram positive, gram negative as well as anaerobic bacteria thus used in cases of multi resistant infections.
Resistance against antibiotics is not an uncommon phenomenon and many factors like mutation in the bacteria, irrational use of antibiotics play a role in causing antibiotic resistance strains of bacteria. However Carbapenam is the antibiotic used as an ultimate resort in seriously ill and multi resistant patients present in critical care unit or intensive care unit.
There are some bacteria already showing resistance against Carbapenam like Pseudomonas and Acinetobacter baumannii but emerging resistance for Carbapenam in enterobacteriaceae poses and additional and high risk especially for community acquired infections.Origin of New Delhi metallo 1 (NDM)
As per reports from famous British journal The Lancet, This bacteria termed as superbug New Delhi metallo 1 is spreading in UK from patients returning from India, Pakistan, Bangladesh for medical and surgical procedures as well as cosmetic surgeries.
The origin of New Delhi Metallo 1 is due to the presence of carbapenemase a enzyme present in the bacteria which hydrolyze carbapenam and thus make them inactive against the bacteria.
However the first case of New Delhi metallo 1 was detected in 2008 in a Swedish patient of Indian origin, and the bacteria in which it was detected was Klebsiella pneumoniae. The encoding protein or gene causing resistance was blaNDM-1.
The bacteria in which New Delhi Metallo B lactamase has been detected are K pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Citrobacter freundii, Enterobacter cloacae, and Morganella morganii.
There are existence of other classes of carbapenemases hwhich has been already seen in Enterobacteria like K pneumoniae, E cloacae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Acinetobacter baumannii.